Unjiniyela Ozinikele Iminyaka Engu-40 Ebuchwephesheni Bokupompa

Uma abantu becabanga ngemishini ebalulekile, bavame ukucabanga ngezinjini, izindiza, noma imishini yokwakha.

Bambalwa abantu abacabanga ngamaphampu.

Kodwa amaphampu akhona yonke indawo.

Zithutha amanzi kwezolimo, zihlinzeka ngamadolobha, zisekela ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni, zivikela imiphakathi ezikhukhuleni, futhi zivumela ingqalasizinda yamanzi enkulu.

Iphampu ingasebenza buthule ngaphansi komhlaba noma ngaphakathi kwesikhungo, kodwa umthelela wayo ufinyelela izigidi zabantu.

Ngemuva kwayo yonke ipompo ethembekile, kunonjiniyela abachitha amashumi eminyaka befunda ukuthi bangayenza kanjani isebenze kahle, iphephe futhi ihlale isikhathi eside.

Omunye walaba onjiniyela nguSolwaziI-Yuan Shouqi, uchwepheshe ohamba phambili emishinini yoketshezi kanye nemishini yokukhipha amanzi kanye nokunisela kwezolimo.

Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 egxile embuzweni owodwa olula kodwa obalulekile:

   

Kusukela Ezindaweni Zasemakhaya Kuya Ocwaningweni Lobunjiniyela

Wazalelwa eShanghai ngo-1963, uYuan Shouqi wakhulela emndenini wasemakhaya.

Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kwasekuqaleni kwamnika ukuqonda okujulile kwezolimo kanye nokubaluleka kwemithombo yamanzi.

Ngo-1980, wangena eZhenjiang Agricultural Machinery College, lapho aqala khona uhambo lwakhe lwemishini yezolimo kanye nobunjiniyela boketshezi.

Emashumini eminyaka alandela, wathuthuka esuka ekubeni ngumfundi waba ngumcwaningi, uprofesa, umholi wezemfundo, kanye nomongameli weyunivesithi.

Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki isikhundla sakhe, ubunjalo bakhe obuyinhloko abuzange bushintshe:

Unjiniyela wephampu.

Kungani Amaphampu Aba Yiwona Agxile Kucwaningo Lwakhe Lonke

Uma uqala ukubona, ipompo ibonakala ilula:

I-impeller ejikelezayo idlulisela amandla emanzini, idale ukugeleza.

Kodwa ubunjiniyela bangempela abulula kangako.

Iphampu kumele iqhubeke isebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezishintshayo:

• · Amazinga okugeleza ahlukene
• · Amazinga amanzi ahlukene
• · Izindawo zokusebenza ezahlukene
• · Izidingo ezahlukene zesistimu

Onjiniyela kumele baxazulule izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• · Ungakuthuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kahle?
• · Unganciphisa kanjani ukusetshenziswa kwamandla?
• · Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukugcwala ngokweqile?
• · Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside?

Lezi zinselele zibaluleke kakhulu kumaphampu acwiliswa emanzini kanye namaphampu e-centrifugal asetshenziswa kwezolimo, izinhlelo zikamasipala, kanye nezicelo zezimboni.

Ukuguqula Ithiyori Ibe Izixazululo Ezisebenzayo

UYuan Shouqi namaqembu akhe ocwaningo bafunde indlela yokugeleza kwangaphakathi kwamaphampu futhi bathuthukisa izindlela zokuklama ezithuthukisiwe ze-hydraulic.

Ucwaningo lwabo lugxile ku:

• · Umklamo wephampu ye-centrifugal esebenza kahle kakhulu
• · Ubuchwepheshe bephampu engagcwalisi ngokweqile
• · Ukulungiswa kwe-hydraulic
• · Ukusebenza kwephampu okuthembekile ngaphansi kwezimo eziguquguqukayo

Umqondo oyinhloko wawucacile:

Iphampu enhle akufanele isebenze kahle kuphela elabhorethri.

Kumelwe isebenze ngokwethembeka ensimini.

Ngoba impumelelo yobunjiniyela ayilinganiswa kuphela ngamamodeli emfundiso.

Kulinganiswa ngeminyaka yokusebenza okuzinzile.

Incazelo Yobunjiniyela

Eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amane, umsebenzi kaYuan Shouqi waba negalelo ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bokupompa eShayina.

Kodwa mhlawumbe umnikelo wakhe omkhulu akusiwo ubuchwepheshe uqobo kuphela.

Yifilosofi yobunjiniyela ngemuva kwayo:

Iphampu akuyona nje umshini.

Kuwukuxhumana phakathi kwesayensi nomphakathi.

Kusukela ekuniseleni ngamapulazi kuya engqalasizinda enkulu, konke ukuthuthuka ekusebenzeni kahle kwamaphampu kudala inani lokonga amandla, ukuphathwa kwamanzi, kanye nentuthuko esimeme.

Kusukela Ekuniseleni Kwasemapulazini Kuya Kumaphrojekthi Kazwelonke Wamanzi: Indlela Ubuchwepheshe Bokuphampa Obubumba Ngayo Umphakathi

Iphampu yenza okungaphezu kokuhambisa amanzi.

Ixhumanisa imithombo yemvelo nezidingo zabantu.

Kwezolimo, amaphampu aletha amanzi ezitshalweni.

Emadolobheni, amaphampu avikela imiphakathi ezikhukhuleni.

Ngokuphathelene nengqalasizinda kazwelonke, amaphampu asiza ukulinganisela imithombo yamanzi kuzo zonke izifunda.

Uhambo locwaningo lukaSolwazi Yuan Shouqi lubonisa lokhu kuxhumana — kusukela emishinini emincane yezolimo kuya kumaphrojekthi amakhulu obunjiniyela bamanzi.

Ukuletha Ukusebenza Kahle Kwamanzi Kwezolimo

Ekulima, ukuphakamisa amanzi kuyisinyathelo sokuqala nje.

Inselele enkulu yile:

Amanzi angafinyelela kanjani izitshalo ngendlela ephumelelayo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imfucuza encane?

UYuan Shouqi namaqembu akhe bagxile ku:

• · Izinhlelo zokunisela ezifafaza
• · Ubuchwepheshe bokunisela ngamaconsi
• · Imishini yokunisela elula
• · Imishini yokufafaza yohlobo lwe-reel

Lezi zobuchwepheshe zazidingeka ukuxazulula izinselele ezisebenzayo:

• · Izimo ezahlukene zepulazi
• · Imithombo yamandla elinganiselwe
• · Izidingo zokusebenza okulula
• · Izindleko zemishini ezingabizi kakhulu

Ubuchwepheshe bezolimo obuphumelelayo akumelwe buthuthukiswe kuphela.

Kumelwe kube wusizo.

Ngoba ukuhlolwa kokugcina kobunjiniyela bezolimo kuhlale kuyinsimu.

Iphampu “njengenhliziyo” yamaphrojekthi amakhulu amanzi

Ngaphandle kwezolimo, amaphampu asekela ezinye zezinhlelo zamanzi ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni.

Amaphrojekthi amakhulu okudlulisa amanzi adinga iziteshi zokupompa ezinamandla ezikwazi ukuhambisa amanzi amaningi amabanga amade.

Lezi zinhlelo zidinga:

• · Ukusebenza kahle kakhulu
• · Ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside
• · Umklamo othuthukisiwe we-hydraulic
• · Ukusebenza okuzinzile ngaphansi kwezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi

Amaphampu amakhulu aphansi asetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi amakhulu amanzi amelela enye yezindawo eziyinselele kakhulu kubunjiniyela bamaphampu.

Imodeli evivinywe elabhorethri kumele ekugcineni ibe umshini osebenza ngokuqhubekayo engqalasizinda yangempela.

Kusukela Esikhungweni Socwaningo Kuya Kumaphrojekthi Angempela

Phakathi neminyaka eminingi yocwaningo kanye nokubambisana, amaqembu kaYuan Shouqi athuthukise amamodeli e-hydraulic athuthukisiwe kanye nezixazululo zobunjiniyela.

Lobu buchwepheshe busekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifaka:

• · Amaphrojekthi okudlulisa amanzi
• · Izinhlelo zokulawula izikhukhula
• · Ukunisela ngenkasa kwezolimo
• · Ukuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi

Impumelelo ayizange idalwe ngumuntu oyedwa.

Yakhiwa ngokubambisana phakathi:

Yile ndlela intuthuko yobunjiniyela eyenzeka ngayo.

Kungani Ubuchwepheshe Bephampu Bubalulekile

Abantu abaningi babona amaphampu njengemishini evamile.

Kodwa ngemuva kwephampu ngayinye kukhona indaba enkulu:

Ukuthuthukisa iphampu ngamaphesenti ambalwa kuphela kungabonakala kuncane.

Kodwa uma izigidi zamaphampu zisebenza nsuku zonke, lokho kuthuthukiswa kudala inani elikhulu.

Ingxenye 3

Ikusasa Lamaphampu: Kusukela Emishinini Yomshini Kuya Ezinhlelweni Zamanzi Ezihlakaniphile

Imboni yamaphampu ingena enkathini entsha.

Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, amaphampu eklanywe ngokuyinhloko njengemishini yemishini.

Namuhla, baba izinhlelo ezihlakaniphile.

Iphampu yesikhathi esizayo ayigcini nje ngokuhambisa amanzi.

Kumayelana nalokhu:

• · Ukuqonda izimo zokusebenza
• · Ukubikezela ukwehluleka
• · Ukwenza ngcono ukusetshenziswa kwamandla
• · Ukuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kohlelo

Kusukela Ekuklanyweni Kwemishini Kuya Ekusebenzeni Okuhlakaniphile

Ubunjiniyela bephampu bendabuko bugxile ku:

• · Ukusebenza kwe-hydraulic
• · Ukusebenza kahle
• · Amandla omshini
• · Ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza

Izinhlelo zesimanje zokupompa zidinga okwengeziwe:

• · Izinzwa
• · Ukuqapha idatha
• · Ukuhlaziywa kwedijithali
• · Izinhlelo zokulawula ezihlakaniphile

Umbuzo uyashintsha.

Akusekho nje kuphela:

"Iphampu ingaletha amanzi angakanani?"

Futhi:

"Iphampu ingasebenza ngokuhlakanipha kangakanani?"

Isizukulwane Esilandelayo Sonjiniyela Bephampu

Umsebenzi kaSolwazi uYuan Shouqi umele omunye umsebenzi obalulekile:

Ukuthuthukisa onjiniyela besikhathi esizayo.

Ubuchwepheshe buyathuthuka ngoba ulwazi ludluliselwa kusuka kwesinye isizukulwane kuya kwesinye.

Ukhuthaze abafundi ukuthi bathuthukise:

Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu:

Ubunjiniyela Obungaphezu Kwemishini

Iphampu iphakamisa amanzi esuka endaweni ephansi iye endaweni ephezulu.

Onjiniyela abahle benza into efanayo.

Bayaphakamisa:

• · Ubuchwepheshe bufinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu
• · Izimboni zikhula zibe nokuncintisana okuqinile
• · Onjiniyela abasebasha babheke amathuba amakhulu

Ikusasa lamaphampu ngeke lincike kuphela emishinini engcono.

Kuzoncika emibonweni engcono, ezinhlelweni ezingcono, nakubantu abangcono.

Umsebenzi Oqhubekayo Wobuchwepheshe Bephampu

Kusukela kumaphampu amancane ezolimo kuya kwingqalasizinda yamanzi amakhulu, umsebenzi oyisisekelo awukashintshi:

Indaba yobunjiniyela bephampu ayigcini nje ngemishini.

Kumayelana nokuxazulula izinkinga ezibalulekile.

Ngoba ngemuva kwephampu ngayinye, kukhona insimu edinga amanzi, idolobha elidinga ukuvikelwa, kanye nomhlaba odinga izixazululo eziqhubekayo.