Injeniyeri wiyemeje imyaka 40 mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gupompa

Iyo abantu batekereje ku mashini z'ingenzi, akenshi batekereza kuri moteri, indege, cyangwa ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi.

Abantu bake batekereza ku mashini zikoresha pompe.

Nyamara pompe ziri hose.

Bimura amazi mu buhinzi, bigatanga serivisi ku mijyi, bigashyigikira umusaruro w’inganda, bikarinda abaturage imyuzure, kandi bigafasha ibikorwa remezo by’amazi binini.

Pompe ishobora gukora mu buryo butuje munsi y'ubutaka cyangwa mu kigo, ariko ingaruka zayo zigera ku bantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni.

Inyuma ya buri pompe yizewe, hari injeniyeri zimara imyaka myinshi ziga uburyo bwo kuyikoresha neza, ikarushaho kuba nziza kandi iramba.

Umwe muri aba bahanga ni PorofeseriYuan Shouqi, impuguke ikomeye mu mashini zikoresha amazi n'ibikoresho by'ubuhinzi byo kuvomerera no kuhira.

Mu myaka irenga 40, yibanze ku kibazo kimwe cyoroshye ariko cy'ingenzi:

   

Kuva mu cyaro kugeza ku bushakashatsi mu by'ubwubatsi

Yuan Shouqi yavukiye i Shanghai mu 1963, akurira mu muryango wo mu cyaro.

Ubunararibonye bwe bwa mbere bwamufashije gusobanukirwa neza ubuhinzi n'akamaro k'umutungo w'amazi.

Mu 1980, yinjiye mu ishuri rikuru ry’imashini zihinga rya Zhenjiang, aho yatangiriye urugendo rwe mu mashini zihinga n’ubuhanga mu by’amazi.

Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, yavuye ku kuba umunyeshuri aba umushakashatsi, umwarimu, umuyobozi w’amasomo, na perezida wa kaminuza.

Ariko, uko umwanya we wari uri kose, umwirondoro we w’ibanze ntiwahindutse:

Injeniyeri w'ipompo.

Impamvu Pumps yabaye ingenzi mu bushakashatsi bwe bwose

Urebye bwa mbere, pompe isa n'aho yoroshye:

Impeneri izenguruka yohereza ingufu mu mazi, bigatuma amazi atemba.

Ariko ubuhanga nyabwo ntibwigera bworoha cyane.

Pompe igomba gukomeza gukora mu gihe ibintu bihinduka:

• · Imiterere itandukanye y'amazi
• · Urugero rw'amazi rutandukanye
• · Ahantu hatandukanye ho gukorera
• · Ibisabwa bitandukanye kuri sisitemu

Abahanga mu by'ubwubatsi bagomba gukemura ibibazo nk'ibi bikurikira:

• · Ni gute wakongera imikorere?
• · Ni gute wagabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu?
• · Ni gute wakwirinda kurenza urugero rw'ibintu?
• · Ni gute wakwizeza ko ibintu byizerwa igihe kirekire?

Izi mbogamizi ni ingenzi cyane cyane ku mapompo akoreshwa mu mazi n'amapompo akoresha centrifugal akoreshwa mu buhinzi, mu nzego z'umujyi, no mu nganda.

Guhindura inyigisho mo ibisubizo bifatika

Yuan Shouqi n'itsinda rye ry'ubushakashatsi bigaga imikorere y'imbere mu mashini zikoresha amazi, banategura uburyo bwiza bwo gushushanya amazi.

Ubushakashatsi bwabo bwibanze kuri:

• · Igishushanyo mbonera cya pompe ikoresha centrifugal ikora neza cyane
• · Ikoranabuhanga rya pompe idakoresha imbaraga nyinshi
• · Gutunganya neza amazi hakoreshejwe hydraulic
• · Imikorere myiza ya pompe mu bihe bitandukanye

Igitekerezo cy'ingenzi cyari gisobanutse neza:

Pompe nziza ntigomba gukora neza muri laboratwari gusa.

Igomba gukora neza mu murima.

Kubera ko intsinzi mu by'ubwubatsi idapimirwa gusa n'ingero z'inyigisho.

Bipimirwa n'imyaka myinshi y'imikorere ihamye.

Igisobanuro cy'Ubwubatsi

Mu myaka irenga mirongo ine, akazi ka Yuan Shouqi kagize uruhare mu iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo kuvoma mu Bushinwa.

Ariko wenda uruhare rwe runini si ikoranabuhanga ubwaryo gusa.

Ni filozofiya y'ubuhanga iri inyuma yayo:

Pompe si imashini gusa.

Ni isano iri hagati ya siyansi na sosiyete.

Kuva ku kuhira imyaka kugeza ku bikorwa remezo bikomeye, iterambere ryose mu gukoresha neza amapompo ritanga agaciro mu kuzigama ingufu, gucunga amazi no guteza imbere iterambere rirambye.

Kuva ku kuhira imyaka kugeza ku mishinga y'amazi y'igihugu: Uburyo ikoranabuhanga rya pompe rihindura sosiyete

Pompe ikora ibirenze gutwara amazi gusa.

Ihuza umutungo kamere n'ibyo abantu bakeneye.

Ku bijyanye n'ubuhinzi, pompe zizana amazi mu bihingwa.

Ku mijyi, pompe zirinda abaturage imyuzure.

Ku bijyanye n'ibikorwa remezo by'igihugu, amapompo afasha kuringaniza umutungo w'amazi mu turere twose.

Urugendo rw'ubushakashatsi bwa Porofeseri Yuan Shouqi rugaragaza iyi sano — kuva ku bikoresho bito by'ubuhinzi kugeza ku mishinga minini y'ubuhanga mu by'amazi.

Kuzamura amazi mu buhinzi

Mu buhinzi, guterura amazi ni intambwe ya mbere gusa.

Ikibazo gikomeye ni iki:

Ni gute amazi ashobora kugera ku bihingwa neza hatabayeho imyanda mike?

Yuan Shouqi n'amakipe ye bibanze kuri:

• · Uburyo bwo kuhira imitobe
• · Ikoranabuhanga ryo kuhira amazi
• · Ibikoresho byoroshye byo kuhira
• · Imashini zisuka amazi mu bwoko bwa Reel

Iri koranabuhanga rikenewe kugira ngo rikemure ibibazo bifatika:

• · Imiterere itandukanye y'ubutaka
• · Umutungo muke w'ingufu
• · Ibisabwa byoroshye gukora
• · Ibiciro by'ibikoresho bihendutse

Ikoranabuhanga ry’ubuhinzi rigira ingaruka nziza ntirigomba kuba riteye imbere gusa.

Bigomba kuba ingirakamaro.

Kubera ko ikizamini cya nyuma cy’ubuhanga mu buhinzi ari cyo gihora ari cyo.

Pompe nk'"Umutima" w'Imishinga Mikuru y'Amazi

Uretse ubuhinzi, pompe zifasha zimwe mu nganda z’amazi z’ingenzi ku isi.

Imishinga minini yo kohereza amazi isaba kohereza amazi menshi ashobora gutwara amazi menshi mu ntera ndende.

Izi sisitemu zisaba:

• · Ubushobozi buhanitse
• · Kwizerwa igihe kirekire
• · Igishushanyo mbonera cy’amazi giteye imbere
• · Imikorere ihamye mu bihe bigoye

Pompe nini zikoresha amazi make zikoreshwa mu mishinga minini y'amazi ni kimwe mu bintu bigoye cyane mu bijyanye no gukora pompe.

Icyitegererezo cyageragejwe muri laboratwari kigomba guhinduka imashini ikora mu bikorwa remezo nyabyo buri gihe.

Kuva ku Kigo cy'Ubushakashatsi kugeza ku Mishinga Nyayo

Mu myaka myinshi y’ubushakashatsi n’ubufatanye, amatsinda ya Yuan Shouqi yateje imbere imashini zikoresha amazi zikoresha pompe zikozwe mu buryo bwa hydraulic hamwe n’ibisubizo by’ubuhanga mu by’ikoranabuhanga.

Iri koranabuhanga ryafashije porogaramu zirimo:

• · Imishinga yo kohereza amazi
• · Uburyo bwo kurwanya umwuzure
• · Kuhira imyaka mu buhinzi
• · Imicungire y'umutungo w'amazi

Ibyo byagezweho ntibyakozwe n'umuntu umwe.

Yubatswe binyuze mu bufatanye hagati ya:

Uku ni ko iterambere ry'ubwubatsi riba.

Impamvu ikoranabuhanga rya Pompe ari ingenzi

Abantu benshi babona pompe nk'ibikoresho bisanzwe.

Ariko inyuma ya buri pompe hari inkuru ikomeye:

Kunoza pompe ku rugero ruto gusa bishobora gusa nkaho ari bike.

Ariko iyo amapompe abarirwa muri za miriyoni akora buri munsi, ayo mavugurura atanga agaciro gakomeye.

Igice cya 3

Ahazaza h'amapompo: Kuva ku bikoresho bya mekanike kugeza ku buryo bw'amazi bw'ubwenge

Inganda zikora pompe zirimo kwinjira mu bihe bishya.

Mu gihe kirenga ikinyejana, pompe zakozwe ahanini nk'imashini zikoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga.

Muri iki gihe, barimo guhinduka sisitemu z'ubwenge.

Pompe y'ejo hazaza ntabwo ari iyo gutwara amazi gusa.

Ni ibyerekeye:

• · Gusobanukirwa imiterere y'imikorere
• · Guhanura ibitagenda neza
• · Gukoresha neza ingufu
• · Kunoza uburyo sisitemu ikora neza

Kuva ku gishushanyo mbonera cya mekanike kugeza ku mikorere y'ubwenge

Ubwubatsi bwa pompe gakondo bwibanze kuri:

• · Imikorere ya Hydraulic
• · Gukora neza
• · Imbaraga za mekanike
• · Ubwiza bw'inganda

Sisitemu zigezweho zo gupompa zisaba byinshi kurushaho:

• · Ibikoresho byo mu mutwe
• · Gukurikirana amakuru
• · Isesengura ry'ikoranabuhanga
• · Sisitemu zo kugenzura zikoresheje ubwenge

Ikibazo kirimo guhinduka.

Ntabwo bikiri gusa:

"Pompe ishobora gutanga amazi angahe?"

Nanone ni:

"Pompe ishobora gukora mu buryo bw'ubwenge bungana iki?"

Itsinda rikurikira ry'abahanga mu by'imashini zikora pompe

Umwuga wa Porofeseri Yuan Shouqi na wo ugaragaza indi ntego y'ingenzi:

Guteza imbere abahanga mu by'ubuhanga mu by'ejo hazaza.

Ikoranabuhanga riratera imbere kuko ubumenyi buva mu gisekuru kimwe bujya mu kindi.

Yashishikarije abanyeshuri guteza imbere:

Kandi icy'ingenzi kurusha ibindi:

Ubwubatsi Burenze Imashini

Pompe izamura amazi ava ku mwanya wo hasi ikayashyira ku mwanya wo hejuru.

Injeniyeri bakomeye bakora ikintu nk'icyo.

Baterura:

• · Ikoranabuhanga rigera ku rwego rwo hejuru
• · Inganda zigomba gukomera mu guhangana
• · Injeniyeri zikiri nto zigana ku mahirwe menshi

Ejo hazaza h'imashini ntizizashingira gusa ku mashini nziza.

Bizaterwa n'ibitekerezo byiza, sisitemu nziza, n'abantu beza.

Intego ikomeje y'ikoranabuhanga rya pompe

Kuva ku mashini nto z’ubuhinzi kugeza ku bikorwa remezo binini by’amazi, intego y’ibanze ntihinduka:

Inkuru y'ubuhanga mu by'imashini zo gupompa ntabwo ari iy'ibikoresho gusa.

Ni ibijyanye no gukemura ibibazo by'ingenzi.

Kubera ko inyuma ya buri pompe, hari umurima ukeneye amazi, umujyi ukeneye kurindwa, n'isi ikeneye ibisubizo birambye.