Iyini i-NFPA yephampu yamanzi omlilo
I-National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) inezindinganiso eziningana eziphathelene namaphampu amanzi omlilo, ikakhulukazi i-NFPA 20, okuyi-“Standard for the Installation of Stairsary Pumps for Fire Protection.” Le zindinganiso inikeza iziqondiso zokuklama, ukufaka, kanye nokugcinwa kwamaphampu omlilo asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuvikela umlilo.
Amaphuzu abalulekile avela ku-NFPA 20 afaka:
Izinhlobo zamaphampu:
Ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zeamaphampu okulwa nomlilo, kufaka phakathi amaphampu e-centrifugal, amaphampu okuhambisa amahle, nokunye.
Izidingo Zokufaka:
Ichaza izidingo zokufakwa kwamaphampu omlilo, okuhlanganisa indawo, ukufinyeleleka, kanye nokuvikelwa ezicini zemvelo.
Ukuhlolwa Nokugcinwa:
I-NFPA 20 icacisa izinqubo zokuhlola kanye nemikhuba yokulungisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphampu omlilo asebenza kahle uma kudingeka.
Izindinganiso Zokusebenza:
Izinga lihlanganisa nezindinganiso zokusebenza okumele zihlangabezane namaphampu omlilo ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwamanzi kanye nomfutho owanele wemisebenzi yokulwa nomlilo.
Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi:
Ibhekana nesidingo semithombo kagesi ethembekile, okuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zokusekela, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphampu omlilo angasebenza ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo.
Kusukela ku-nfpa.org, ithi i-NFPA 20 ivikela impilo kanye nempahla ngokunikeza izidingo zokukhetha nokufaka amaphampu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zizosebenza njengoba kuhloswe ukuletha amanzi anele futhi anokwethenjelwa esimweni esiphuthumayo somlilo.
Indlela YokubalaIphampu Yamanzi OmliloIngcindezi?
Ukuze ubale ingcindezi yepompo yomlilo, ungasebenzisa ifomula elandelayo:
Ifomula:
Kuphi:
· P = Ingcindezi yepompo ku-psi (amakhilogremu nge-intshi yesikwele)
· Q = Izinga lokugeleza ngamalitha ngomzuzu (GPM)
· H = Ikhanda eliphelele eliguquguqukayo (TDH) ezinyaweni
· F = Ukulahlekelwa kokungqubuzana ku-psi
Izinyathelo Zokubala Ukucindezela Kwephampu Yomlilo:
Nquma Izinga Lokugeleza (Q):
· Thola izinga lokugeleza elidingekayo lesistimu yakho yokuvikela umlilo, ngokuvamile elichazwe ku-GPM.
Bala i-Total Dynamic Head (TDH):
· Ikhanda Eliqinile: Kala ibanga eliqondile ukusuka emthonjeni wamanzi kuya endaweni ephezulu kakhulu yokukhipha amanzi.
· Ukulahlekelwa Ukungqubuzana: Bala ukulahlekelwa kokungqubuzana ohlelweni lwamapayipi usebenzisa amashadi noma amafomula okulahlekelwa ukungqubuzana (njenge-equation kaHazen-Williams).
· Ukulahlekelwa Ukuphakama: Bala noma yiziphi izinguquko zokuphakama ohlelweni.
[TDH= Ikhanda Eliqinile + Ukulahlekelwa Ukungqubuzana + Ukulahlekelwa Ukuphakama]
Bala Ukulahlekelwa Kokungqubuzana (F):
· Sebenzisa amafomula noma amashadi afanele ukuze unqume ukulahlekelwa kokungqubuzana ngokusekelwe kusayizi wepayipi, ubude, kanye nesivinini sokugeleza.
Faka Amanani kuFomula:
· Faka amanani ka-Q, H, no-F kufomula ukuze ubale ingcindezi yephampu.
Isibonelo Sokubala:
· Izinga Lokugeleza (Q): 500 GPM
· Inhloko Ephelele Eguquguqukayo (H): 100 amamitha
· Ukulahlekelwa Ukungqubuzana (F): 10 psi
Ukusebenzisa ifomula:
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele:
· Qinisekisa ukuthi ingcindezi ebaliwe iyahlangabezana nezidingo zesistimu yokuvikela umlilo.
· Njalo bheka izindinganiso ze-NFPA kanye namakhodi endawo ukuze uthole izidingo neziqondiso ezithile.
· Xhumana nonjiniyela wokuvikela umlilo ngezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma uma ungaqiniseki nganoma yiziphi izibalo.
Uhlola Kanjani Umfutho Wephampu Yomlilo?
Ukuze uhlole umfutho wephampu yomlilo, ungalandela lezi zinyathelo:
1. Qoqa Imishini Edingekayo:
Isilinganiso Sokucindezela: Qinisekisa ukuthi unesilinganiso sokucindezela esilinganisiwe esingalinganisa ububanzi bokucindezela obulindelekile.
Ama-Wrenches: Ukuxhuma igeyiji kupompo noma kumapayipi.
Izinto Zokuphepha: Gqoka izinto zokuphepha ezifanele, okuhlanganisa amagilavu nezibuko.
2. Thola Imbobo Yokuhlola Ukucindezela:
Thola imbobo yokuhlola ingcindezi ohlelweni lwephampu yomlilo. Lokhu kuvame ukutholakala ohlangothini lokukhipha iphampu.
3. Xhuma i-Pressure Gauge:
Sebenzisa izinto ezifanele ukuxhuma igeyiji yokucindezela echwebeni lokuhlola. Qinisekisa ukuthi ivaliwe kahle ukuze uvimbele ukuvuza.
4. Qala iphampu yomlilo:
Vula iphampu yomlilo ngokwemiyalelo yomenzi. Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lufakwe i-primer futhi lulungele ukusebenza.
5. Qaphela Ukufundwa Kwengcindezi:
Uma ipompo isisebenza, qaphela ukufundwa kwengcindezi kugeji. Lokhu kuzokunika ingcindezi yokukhipha ipompo.
6. Qopha Ingcindezi:
Qaphela ukufundwa kwengcindezi yamarekhodi akho. Qhathanisa nengcindezi edingekayo echazwe kumklamo wesistimu noma ezindinganisweni ze-NFPA.
7. Hlola Izinguquko:
Uma kusebenza, hlola ingcindezi ngezilinganiso ezahlukene zokugeleza (uma uhlelo luvuma) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iphampu isebenza kahle kulo lonke ububanzi bayo.
8. Vala iphampu:
Ngemva kokuhlola, vala iphampu ngokuphephile bese unqamula igeyiji yokucindezela.
9. Hlola Izinkinga:
Ngemva kokuhlola, hlola uhlelo ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza noma ukuphazamiseka okungase kudingeke ukunakwa.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele:
Ukuphepha Kuqala: Landela njalo izinqubo zokuphepha lapho usebenza ngamaphampu omlilo nezinhlelo ezicindezelwe.
Ukuhlolwa Okuvamile: Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi okuvamile kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukuthembeka kwephampu yomlilo.
Iyini Ingcindezi Encane Esele Yepompo Yomlilo?
Ingcindezi encane eseleyo yamaphampu omlilo ngokuvamile incike ezidingweni ezithile zesistimu yokuvikela umlilo kanye namakhodi endawo. Kodwa-ke, indinganiso evamile ukuthi ingcindezi encane eseleyo kufanele okungenani ibe yi-psi ezingama-20 (amakhilogremu nge-intshi yesikwele) endaweni yokukhipha amanzi ekude kakhulu ngesikhathi sokugeleza okuphezulu.
Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ingcindezi eyanele yokuletha amanzi ngempumelelo ohlelweni lokucima umlilo, njengezifafazi noma amapayipi.
Amaphampu e-centrifugal ahlukaniswe ngokuvundlile ahambisana nezidingo zesicelo ezisohlwini lwe-NFPA 20 kanye ne-UL kanye nokufakwa okufanele kokunikeza amanzi ezinhlelweni zokuvikela umlilo ezakhiweni, ezitshalweni nasemagcekeni ezimboni.
| ububanzi bokuphakelwa: Iphampu yomlilo edonsa injini + iphaneli yokulawula + iphampu yejokhi / Iphampu yokushayela yenjini kagesi + iphaneli yokulawula + iphampu yejokhi |
| Ezinye izicelo zale yunithi sicela uxoxe ngazo nonjiniyela be-TKFLO. |
|
Uhlobo Lwephampu | Amaphampu e-centrifugal avundlile anezifakelo ezifanele zokuhlinzeka ngamanzi ohlelweni lokuvikela umlilo ezakhiweni, ezitshalweni nasemagcekeni. |
| Umthamo | 300 kuya ku-5000GPM (68 kuya ku-567m3/hr) |
| Ikhanda | Amamitha angu-26 kuya kwangu-198 (amamitha angu-90 kuya kwangu-650) |
| Ingcindezi | Kufika ku-650 feet (45 kg/cm2, 4485 KPa) |
| Amandla Endlu | Kufika ku-800HP (597 KW) |
| Abashayeli | Ama-motor kagesi aqondile kanye nezinjini zedizili ezinamagiya angakwesokudla, kanye nama-turbine anomusi. |
| Uhlobo loketshezi | Amanzi noma amanzi olwandle |
| Izinga lokushisa | Ingaphakathi kwemingcele yokusebenza kwemishini okwanelisayo. |
| Izinto zokwakha | Insimbi ephothiwe, ifakwe ngethusi njengejwayelekile. Izinto ongazikhetha ezitholakalayo zokusetshenziswa emanzini olwandle. |
UMBONO WESIGABA SEPHUMPU YOMLILO WE-Centrifugal CASE EXTRIBUTED SPECIAL SCIENCE
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-28-2024