Yintoni i-NFPA yeMpompo yamanzi omlilo
I-National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) inemigangatho eliqela ephathelele iimpompo zamanzi omlilo, ikakhulu i-NFPA 20, eyi-"Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection." Lo mgangatho ubonelela ngezikhokelo zoyilo, ukufakelwa, kunye nokugcinwa kweempompo zomlilo ezisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokukhusela umlilo.
Amanqaku aphambili avela kwi-NFPA 20 aquka:
Iintlobo zeempompo:
Igubungela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeiimpompo zokulwa nomlilo, kuquka iimpompo ze-centrifugal, iimpompo zokufuduka ezilungileyo, kunye nezinye.
Iimfuno zoFakelo:
Ichaza iimfuno zokufakelwa kweempompo zomlilo, kuquka indawo, ukufikeleleka, kunye nokukhuselwa kwiimeko zokusingqongileyo.
Uvavanyo kunye noLondolozo:
I-NFPA 20 icacisa iindlela zokuvavanya kunye neendlela zokulungisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpompo zomlilo zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo xa kufuneka.
Imigangatho Yokusebenza:
Umgangatho uquka imigangatho yokusebenza ekufuneka iimpompo zomlilo zihlangabezane nayo ukuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kwamanzi okwaneleyo kunye noxinzelelo kwimisebenzi yokulwa nomlilo.
Ukunikezwa Amandla:
Ijongana nesidingo semithombo yamandla ethembekileyo, kuquka neenkqubo zokuxhasa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpompo zomlilo ziyakwazi ukusebenza ngexesha likaxakeka.
Kwi-nfpa.org, ithi i-NFPA 20 ikhusela ubomi kunye nepropathi ngokubonelela ngeemfuno zokukhetha nokufakela iimpompo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo ziya kusebenza njengoko bekucetyiwe ukubonelela ngamanzi aneleyo nanokuthenjwa xa kukho ingxamiseko yomlilo.
Indlela YokubalaImpompo Yamanzi OmliloUxinzelelo?
Ukubala uxinzelelo lwepompo yomlilo, ungasebenzisa le fomyula ilandelayo:
Ifomula:
Apho:
· P = Uxinzelelo lwepompo kwi-psi (iiponti nge-intshi yesikwere)
· Q = Izinga lokuhamba kwamanzi kwiigaloni ngomzuzu (GPM)
· H = Intloko epheleleyo enamandla (TDH) ezinyaweni
· F = Ukulahleka kokungqubana kwi-psi
Amanyathelo okubala uxinzelelo lwepompo yomlilo:
Chonga isantya sokuhamba (Q):
· Chonga izinga lokuhamba kwamanzi elifunekayo kwinkqubo yakho yokukhusela umlilo, edla ngokuchazwa kwi-GPM.
Bala iTotal Dynamic Head (TDH):
· Intloko Engashukumiyo: Linganisa umgama othe nkqo ukusuka kumthombo wamanzi ukuya kwindawo ephezulu yokukhupha amanzi.
· Ukulahleka kokungqubana: Bala ukulahleka kokungqubana kwinkqubo yemibhobho usebenzisa iitshathi zokulahleka kokungqubana okanye iifomyula (njenge-equation kaHazen-Williams).
· Ukulahleka Kokuphakama: Bhala naluphi na utshintsho lokuphakama kwenkqubo.
[TDH= Intloko Engashukumiyo + Ukulahleka Kokungqubana + Ukulahleka Kokuphakama]
Bala ilahleko yokungqubana (F):
· Sebenzisa iifomula okanye iitshathi ezifanelekileyo ukumisela ilahleko yokungqubana ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bombhobho, ubude, kunye nesantya sokuhamba kwamanzi.
Faka amaxabiso kwiFomula:
· Faka amaxabiso ka-Q, H, kunye no-F kwifomula ukuze ubale uxinzelelo lwepompo.
Umzekelo Wokubala:
· Izinga lokuhamba (Q): 500 GPM
· Intloko Epheleleyo Eguquguqukayo (H): 100 iinyawo
· Ukulahlekelwa yiFriction (F): 10 psi
Ukusebenzisa ifomula:
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele:
· Qinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo olubaliweyo luyahlangabezana neemfuno zenkqubo yokukhusela umlilo.
· Soloko ubhekisa kwimigangatho ye-NFPA kunye neekhowudi zasekuhlaleni ukuze ufumane iimfuno ezithile kunye nezikhokelo.
· Nxibelelana nenjineli yokukhusela umlilo malunga neenkqubo ezintsonkothileyo okanye ukuba awuqinisekanga ngazo naziphi na izibalo.
Uyijonga njani ingcinezelo yepompo yomlilo?
Ukujonga uxinzelelo lwepompo yomlilo, ungalandela la manyathelo:
1. Qokelela Izixhobo Ezifunekayo:
Igeyiji yoxinzelelo: Qinisekisa ukuba unegeyiji yoxinzelelo elinganisiweyo enokulinganisa uluhlu loxinzelelo olulindelekileyo.
IiWrenches: Zokudibanisa igeyiji kwipompo okanye kwipayipi.
Izixhobo zoKhuseleko: Nxiba izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo, kuquka iiglavu kunye neeglasi.
2. Fumana iPort yoVavanyo loXinzelelo:
Chonga isango lokuvavanya uxinzelelo kwinkqubo yempompo yomlilo. Eli thuba lihlala likwicala lokukhupha umoya kwimpompo.
3. Qhagamshela i-Pressure Gauge:
Sebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ukudibanisa igeyiji yoxinzelelo kwizibuko lovavanyo. Qinisekisa ukuba itywinwe ngokuqinileyo ukuze uthintele ukuvuza.
4. Qalisa iMpompo yoMlilo:
Vula ipompo yomlilo ngokwemiyalelo yomenzi. Qinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ilungisiwe kwaye ilungele ukusebenza.
5. Jonga Ufundo Loxinzelelo:
Nje ukuba ipompo isebenze, jonga ukufundwa koxinzelelo kwigeyiji. Oku kuya kukunika uxinzelelo lokukhupha ipompo.
6. Bhala phantsi uxinzelelo:
Qaphela ukufundwa koxinzelelo kwiirekhodi zakho. Thelekisa noxinzelelo olufunekayo oluchazwe kuyilo lwenkqubo okanye kwimigangatho ye-NFPA.
7. Jonga iinguqu:
Ukuba kuyasebenza, jonga uxinzelelo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo okuhamba kwamanzi (ukuba inkqubo iyavuma) ukuqinisekisa ukuba ipompo isebenza ngokufanelekileyo kuluhlu lwayo.
8. Cima iPompo:
Emva kokuvavanya, yicime impompo ngokukhuselekileyo uze uyikhuphe igeyiji yoxinzelelo.
9. Hlola imiba:
Emva kokuvavanya, jonga inkqubo ukuze ubone ukuba akukho nakuphi na ukuvuza okanye iingxaki ezingafunekiyo.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele:
Ukhuseleko Kuqala: Soloko ulandela imigaqo yokhuseleko xa usebenza ngeempompo zomlilo kunye neenkqubo ezixinzelelweyo.
Uvavanyo Oluqhelekileyo: Ukuhlolwa koxinzelelo rhoqo kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukuthembeka kwepompo yomlilo.
Yintoni Uxinzelelo Oluncinci Olushiyekileyo Lwepompo Yomlilo?
Uxinzelelo oluncinci olushiyekileyo lweempompo zomlilo luhlala luxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zenkqubo yokukhusela umlilo kunye neekhowudi zasekuhlaleni. Nangona kunjalo, umgangatho oqhelekileyo kukuba uxinzelelo oluncinci olushiyekileyo kufuneka lube yi-20 psi (iiponti nge-intshi yesikwere) kwindawo yokuphuma ekude kakhulu ngexesha leemeko zokuhamba kwamanzi aphezulu.
Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba kukho uxinzelelo olwaneleyo lokuhambisa amanzi ngokufanelekileyo kwinkqubo yokucima umlilo, njengee-sprinkler okanye iipayipi.
Iimpompo ze-centrifugal ezibekwe ecaleni zihambelana neemfuno zesicelo ezidweliswe kwi-NFPA 20 kunye ne-UL kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokubonelela ngamanzi kwiinkqubo zokukhusela umlilo kwizakhiwo, kwizityalo nakwiiyadi zeefektri.
| ububanzi bobonelelo: Ipompo yomlilo eqhuba injini+ iphaneli yokulawula+ Ipompo yeJockey/ Ipompo yokuqhuba imoto yombane+ iphaneli yokulawula+ Ipompo yeJockey |
| Ezinye izicelo zeyunithi nceda uxoxe neenjineli ze-TKFLO. |
|
Uhlobo lwePompo | Iimpompo ze-centrifugal ezithe tye ezinezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokubonelela ngamanzi kwinkqubo yokukhusela umlilo kwizakhiwo, kwizityalo nakwiiyadi. |
| Umthamo | 300 ukuya kwi-5000GPM (68 ukuya kwi-567m3/hr) |
| Intloko | Iimitha ezingama-26 ukuya kwezingama-198 (iimitha ezingama-90 ukuya kwezingama-650) |
| Uxinzelelo | Ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyawo ezingama-650 (45 kg/cm2, 4485 KPa) |
| Amandla eNdlu | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-800HP (597 KW) |
| Abaqhubi | Iimoto zombane ezithe nkqo kunye neenjini zedizili ezineegiya zekona yasekunene, kunye neeturbine zomphunga. |
| Uhlobo lolwelo | Amanzi okanye amanzi olwandle |
| Ubushushu | Ingaphakathi kwemida yokusebenza kwezixhobo ngokwanelisayo. |
| Izinto zokwakha | Isinyithi esenziwe ngesinyithi, iBronze ifakwe njengesiqhelo. Izixhobo ezikhethiweyo ziyafumaneka ukuze zisetyenziswe emanzini olwandle. |
IMBONO YECANDELO LEMpompo yoMlilo yeCentrifugal eQhelekileyo eHlanganisiweyo
Ixesha leposi: Okthobha-28-2024