Ulwelo oluQhelekileyo lokuPompa
Amanzi acocekileyo
Ukuze zonke ii-curve zovavanyo lwepompo zifikelele kwisiseko esifanayo, iimpawu zepompo zisekelwe kumanzi acacileyo kubushushu obuqhelekileyo (ngokubanzi i-15℃) kunye noxinano lwe-1000 kg/m³.
Izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu xa kusakhiwa amanzi acocekileyo zizinto ezifakwe isinyithi okanye i-cast iron casing efakwe i-bronze internal, xa kupompa amanzi acocekileyo, okanye amanzi achazwa ngcono njengangathathi cala anobunzima obuthile be-1 ngaphandle kwezinto eziqinileyo ezikhoyo,iimpompo zokufunxa zokuphelakwaye ngokuthe tyeiimpompo zekhava ezihlukanisiweyozisetyenziswa kakhulu. Xa kufuneka iintloko zokukhupha amanzi ezininzi, kusetyenziswa iimpompo eziluhlobo lweziteji ezininzi.
Xa abayili benomlinganiselo othile wendawo yendlu yepompo, kusetyenziswa iiyunithi ezithe nkqo zepompo ezixutyiweyo, ezijikelezayo okanye eziluhlobo lweturbine.
Amanzi olwandle njengendlela yokutsha
Amanzi olwandle anomxholo wetyuwa opheleleyo omalunga ne-25 g/ℓ. Malunga ne-75% yomxholo wetyuwa yi-sodium chloride NaCl. Ixabiso le-pH lamanzi olwandle lidla ngokuba phakathi kwe-7,5 kunye ne-8,3. Ngokuhambelana nomoya, umxholo we-oksijini kwi-15℃ umalunga ne-8 mg/ℓ.
Amanzi olwandle aphuma igesi
Kwezinye iimeko, amanzi olwandle akhutshwa igesi ngokwekhemikhali okanye ngokwemizimba. Ngenxa yoku, ubukhali buyancipha kakhulu. Kwimeko yokususwa kwegesi ngeekhemikhali, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukususwa kwegesi kuthatha ixesha. Ngenxa yoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umsebenzi wokususwa kwegesi, oko kukuthi, ukususwa kweoksijini, ugqitywe ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuba amanzi olwandle angene kwimpompo.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe xa kusetyenzwa - umoya ungena ngokungena komoya. Nangona ukungena ngokungxama kunqunyelwe ixesha, umonakalo kwizinto unokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza phantsi kweemeko ezithile ukuba ubukho beoksijini abuqwalaselwa xa kukhethwe izinto. Ukuba ukungena ngokungxama kweoksijini akunakukhutshwa ngexesha lokusebenza kwepompo, kufuneka kuthathwe ngokuba amanzi olwandle aneoksijini.
Amanzi amdaka
Igama elithi 'amanzi amdaka' lithetha amanzi amatsha angcoliswe kakhulu ngamanzi olwandle. Ngokuphathelele ukhetho lwezinto, imiyalelo efanayo iyasebenza ekuthuthweni kwamanzi amdaka njengamanzi olwandle. Ukongeza, amanzi amdaka adla ngokuba ne-ammonia kunye/okanye i-hydrogen sulphide. Nokuba umxholo ophantsi we-hydrogen sulphide, oko kukuthi, malunga nee-milligram ezimbalwa ngelitha, ubangela ukwanda okukhulu koburhalarhume.
Amanzi olwandle avela kwimithombo engaphantsi komhlaba
Amanzi anetyuwa avela phantsi komhlaba adla ngokuba nomxholo wetyuwa ophezulu kakhulu kunamanzi olwandle, amaxesha amaninzi amalunga ne-30%, oko kukuthi, phantsi komda wokunyibilika. Apha kwakhona, ityuwa eqhelekileyo yeyona nto iphambili. Ixabiso le-pH lidla ngokuba liphantsi kakhulu (lifikelela kwi-4), oko kukuthi, amanzi ane-asidi eninzi. Nangona umxholo we-oksijini uphantsi kakhulu okanye ungekho, umxholo we-H₂S unokuba ngamakhulu ambalwa eemiligram ngelitha.
Izisombululo zetyuwa ezinje nge-asidi eziqulethe i-H₂S ziyakonakalisa kakhulu kwaye zifuna izinto ezikhethekileyo.
Ngenxa yobuninzi betyuwa kwaye kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zokusebenza, umntu kufuneka alindele inqanaba elithile letyuwa. Kwimeko ezinjalo, amanyathelo afanelekileyo okumelana nawo kufuneka athathwe malunga noyilo, ukusebenza kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto.
Ukugqwala emanzini olwandle
Izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo azibonisi nje kuphela ukumelana nokugqwala okufanayo, kodwa zikwachasene nokugqwala kwendawo, ingakumbi ukugqwala kwemigodi kunye nokugqwala. Ezi zinto zokugqwala ziyenzeka ngakumbi kwii-ferro alloys ezizisebenzela ngokwazo (iintsimbi ezingenasici). Iimpompo ezibizwa ngokuba 'zimi-standby', ezisebenza ngamaxesha athile, zisengozini yokugqwala; ukugcwala ngamanzi amatsha ngaphambi kwexesha lokuvala okanye ukuqalisa okwethutyana kuthathwa njengenzuzo.
Iintlobo ngeentloboimpompo yamanzi olwandleIzinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kufuneka zenziwe ngezinto zohlobo olufanayo ukuze kuthintelwe ukugqwala kwe-galvanic. Umahluko onokubakho phakathi kwezinto ezisetyenziswayo kufuneka ube sezantsi kangangoko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba izinto ezingafaniyo kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngezizathu zoyilo, imiphezulu yesinyithi esingengobuhle xa idibana namanzi kufuneka ibe mikhulu xa ithelekiswa neyesinyithi esingebuhle. Umfanekiso 5 ubonelela ngolwazi malunga nengozi yokugqwala kwe-galvanic xa kuhlanganiswa izinto ezahlukeneyo.
Isantya esiphezulu sinokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni komoya. Iziphumo ziba nzima ngakumbi, kokukhona i-medium inamandla ngakumbi, kwaye isantya sayo siphezulu. Ngelixa isantya sokuhamba sichaphazela indlela esebenza ngayo intsimbi engatyiwayo kunye ne-nickel alloys ukuya kwinqanaba elincinci, indawo iyaguqulwa apho kubandakanyeka khona izinto ze-ferrous ezingaxutywanga kunye ne-copper alloys. Umfanekiso 6 ubonelela ngolwazi olusemgangathweni malunga nempembelelo yamazinga okuhamba. Kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngoko ukuba i-medium inayo i-oxygen okanye i-H₂S. Ubuninzi obukhulu be-H₂S budla ngokungabandakanyi ubukho be-oxygen; kwiimeko ezinjalo, i-medium inomoya omninzi kancinci, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-pH ye-4.
Ukuziphatha kwezinto eziphathekayo
Itheyibhile 1 inika iingcebiso ngezinto zokumpompa okanye indibaniselwano yazo. Ngaphandle kokuba kuchazwe ngenye indlela, olu lwazi lulandelayo lusebenza kumanzi olwandle angenawo nawuphi na umxholo we-H₂S.
Intsimbi engaxutywanga kunye nentsimbi ephosiweyo
Intsimbi engaxutywanga ayifanelekanga emanzini olwandle, ngaphandle kokuba inikwe uphahla olufanelekileyo lokukhusela. Intsimbi exutyiweyo mayisetyenziswe kuphela kwisantya esiphantsi (kunokwenzeka kwiikheyiji); kule meko kufuneka kusetyenziswe ukhuseleko oluqhelekileyo lwe-cathodic kwezinye izinto zangaphakathi.
Ii-Austenitic Ni-castings
I-Ni-Resist 1 kunye ne-2 zilungele kuphela isantya esiphakathi (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-20 m/s).
Ukubola kweGalvanic emanzini olwandle kwi-5-30℃
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-11-2025