Ibinyobwa Bisanzwe Bisumwa
Amazi meza
Kugira ngo imirongo yose y’igerageza rya pompe igere ku rufatiro rumwe, imiterere ya pompe ishingiye ku mazi meza ku bushyuhe bw’ikirere (muri rusange 15℃) afite ubucucike bwa 1000 kg/m³.
Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mu kubaka amazi meza ni icyuma gishongeshejwe cyangwa agasanduku k'icyuma gashyizwemo umuringa imbere, Iyo urimo kuvoma amazi meza, cyangwa amazi asobanurwa neza nk'adafite aho ahuriye n'uburemere bwihariye bwa 1 nta bintu bikomeye biriho,pompe zo gukurura ibintu mu mperan'aho biherereyepompe zigabanyamo ibicezikoreshwa cyane. Iyo hakenewe imitwe isohora amazi menshi, hakoreshwa ipompo zo mu bwoko bwa multistage.
Iyo abashushanya bafite umwanya muto ku nzu ikoresha pompe, hakoreshwa imashini zihagaze z’imashini zivanze, izikoresha axial cyangwa izikoresha turbine.
Amazi yo mu nyanja nk'uburyo bwo kwangiza ibintu
Amazi yo mu nyanja afite umunyu ungana na g 25/ℓ. Hafi 75% by'umunyu ni sodium chloride NaCl. Agaciro ka pH k'amazi yo mu nyanja gakunze kuba hagati ya 7,5 na 8,3. Mu buryo bungana n'ikirere, ogisijeni iri kuri 15℃ ni hafi 8 mg/ℓ.
Amazi yo mu nyanja yakuwemo umwuka
Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, amazi yo mu nyanja akurwamo umwuka mu buryo bwa shimi cyangwa fiziki. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ubukana bugabanuka cyane. Mu gihe cyo gukuramo umwuka mu buryo bwa shimi, ni ngombwa kumenya ko gukuramo umwuka bifata igihe. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa cyane ko igikorwa cyo gukuramo umwuka, ni ukuvuga gukuramo umwuka wa ogisijeni, kirangira neza mbere y'uko amazi yo mu nyanja yinjira mu ipompo.
Mu mikorere hagomba kwitonderwa - umwuka ushobora guhumeka binyuze mu guhumeka kw'umwuka. Nubwo guhumeka kw'umwuka biba ari bike bitewe n'igihe gito, kwangirika kw'ibikoresho bishobora kubaho vuba mu bihe bimwe na bimwe iyo umwuka wa ogisijeni utitaweho igihe ibikoresho byatoranijwe. Niba umwuka wa ogisijeni udashobora gukurwaho mu gihe cyo gukora ipompo, muri rusange bigomba gufatwa ko amazi yo mu nyanja arimo umwuka wa ogisijeni.
Amazi y'umunyu
Ijambo 'amazi y'umunyu' risobanura amazi meza yandujwe cyane n'amazi yo mu nyanja. Ku bijyanye no guhitamo ibikoresho, amabwiriza amwe akoreshwa mu gutwara amazi y'umunyu nk'uko akoreshwa mu gutwara amazi yo mu nyanja. Byongeye kandi, amazi y'umunyu akunze kuba arimo amoniya cyangwa hydrogen sulfide. Ndetse n'aho hydrogen sulfide nke, ni ukuvuga miligarama nke kuri litiro, bitera kwiyongera cyane k'ubukana.
Amazi yo mu nyanja aturuka mu butaka
Amazi y'umunyu aturuka mu butaka akenshi aba afite umunyu mwinshi kurusha amazi yo mu nyanja, akenshi aba ari hafi 30%, ni ukuvuga munsi y'umupaka w'amazi ashobora gushonga. Aha na none, umunyu usanzwe ni wo ugize ikintu kinini. Agaciro ka pH gasanzwe kaba gake ugereranije (kugeza kuri 4), ni ukuvuga amazi aba afite aside nyinshi. Mu gihe ikirere cya ogisijeni kiri hasi cyane cyangwa ntaho kiboneka, ingano ya H₂S ishobora kugera kuri miligarama magana make kuri litiro.
Umunyu nk'uwo urimo aside urimo H₂S urangiza cyane kandi ukeneye ibikoresho byihariye.
Kubera ko hari umunyu mwinshi kandi bitewe n’imiterere y’imikorere, umuntu agomba kwitega ko umunyu uzagwa ku rugero runaka. Muri ibyo bihe, ingamba zikwiye zo kubirwanya zigomba gufatwa mu bijyanye n’igishushanyo mbonera, imikorere n’ihitamo ry’ibikoresho.
Ingese mu mazi yo mu nyanja
Ibikoresho bikoreshwa ntibigomba gusa kugaragaza ubudahangarwa buhagije ku kwangirika gusanzwe, ahubwo binarwanya kwangirika ko mu gace runaka cyane cyane imyobo n'imyanya. Ingeso nk'izi zo kwangirika zigaragara cyane cyane ku byuma bikoresha ferro byigenga (ibyuma bitagira umuhengeri). Ipompo zitwa 'standby', zikoreshwa rimwe na rimwe gusa, zishobora guhagarara kwangirika; amazi meza arenze urugero mbere y'igihe cyo gufunga cyangwa gutangira rimwe na rimwe bifatwa nk'ingirakamaro.
Ibitandukanyepompe y'amazi yo mu nyanjaIbice bigomba gukorwa mu bikoresho by’ubwoko bumwe kugira ngo hirindwe ingese ya galvanic. Itandukaniro rishoboka hagati y’ibikoresho bya buri kimwe ni uko rigomba kuba rito cyane uko bishoboka kose. Ariko, niba ibikoresho bitandukanye bigomba gukoreshwa kubera impamvu z’imiterere, ubuso bw’icyuma kitari cyiza cyane buhura n’amazi bugomba kuba bunini ugereranije n’ubw’icyuma cya galvanic. Ishusho ya 5 itanga amakuru ku kaga ko ingese ya galvanic iyo ibikoresho by’ubwoko butandukanye bihujwe.
Umuvuduko mwinshi ushobora gutera kwangirika kw'isuri. Ingaruka zirushaho kuba mbi, uko icyuma gikoreshwa cyane, kandi umuvuduko wacyo ukaba mwinshi. Mu gihe umuvuduko w'amazi ugira ingaruka ku myitwarire y'ibyuma bitarangirika na aloyi za nikeli ku rugero ruto gusa, aho ibintu bitakoreshejwe feri n'aloyi z'umuringa bihurira. Ishusho ya 6 itanga amakuru y'ishingiro ku ngaruka z'umuvuduko w'amazi. Hagomba kwitabwaho cyane niba icyuma gikoreshwa kirimo ogisijeni cyangwa H₂S. Ingano nini ya H₂S ikunda gukuraho ogisijeni; muri ibyo bihe, icyuma gikoreshwa kirimo aside nkeya, kugeza kuri pH ya 4.
Imyitwarire y'ibintu bifatika
Imbonerahamwe ya 1 itanga inama ku bikoresho byo kuvoma cyangwa uko bivangwa. Keretse iyo byavuzwe ukundi, amakuru akurikira arareba amazi yo mu nyanja adafite H₂S.
Icyuma kidakoreshejwe n'icyuma gishongeshejwe
Icyuma kidakoreshejwe mu gushonga ntikigomba gukoreshwa mu mazi yo mu nyanja, keretse iyo gifite igipfundikizo gikwiye cyo kurinda. Icyuma gikoreshwa gusa mu gihe umuvuduko muke (ushoboka ku dusanduku); muri iki gihe hagomba gukoreshwa uburyo busanzwe bwo kurinda ibindi bice by'imbere.
Gutera Ni muri Austenitic
Ni-Resist 1 na 2 zikwiriye gusa umuvuduko uringaniye (kugeza kuri 20 m/s).
Ingano ya Galvanic mu mazi yo mu nyanja iri ku bushyuhe bwa 5-30℃
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-11-2025