Me pēhea te tatau i te pane o te papu?

Ngā Wāhanga o te Upoko Papu

Hei mārama ki ngā tataunga o te pane papu, he mea nui kia wehewehea ngā wāhanga e whai wāhi ana ki te pane katoa:

Upoko Pūmau (Hs)Ko te pane pūmau te tawhiti poutū i waenga i ngā pūwāhi momi me te pūwāhi tuku o te papu. Ka whakaarohia te huringa pūngao pea nā te teitei. Mena he teitei ake te pūwāhi tuku i te pūwāhi momi, he pai te pane pūmau, ā, ki te iti iho, he kino te pane pūmau.

Upoko Tere (Hv)Ko te upoko tere te pūngao nekeneke e tukuna ana ki te wai i a ia e neke ana i roto i ngā paipa. Ka whakawhirinaki ki te tere o te wai, ā, ka tatauhia mā te whakamahi i te whārite:

Hv=V^2/2g

Kei hea:

• Hv= Te tere o te nekehanga (mita)
• V= Te tere o te wai (m/s)
• g= Te whakaterenga nā te kaha ā-papa (9.81 m/s²)

Upoko Pēhanga (Hp)Ko te pane pēhanga e tohu ana i te pūngao e tāpirihia ana ki te wai e te papu hei wikitoria i ngā ngaronga pēhanga i roto i te pūnaha. Ka taea te tatau mā te whakamahi i te whārite a Bernoulli:

Hp=Pd−Ps/ρg

Kei hea:

• Hp= Te upoko pēhanga (mita)
• Pd= Te pēhanga i te pūwāhi tukunga (Pa)
• Ps= Te pēhanga i te pūwāhi momi (Pa)
• ρ= Te mātotorutanga wai (kg/m³)
• g= Te whakaterenga nā te kaha ā-papa (9.81 m/s²)

Upoko Waku (Hf)Ko te pane waku e whakaatu ana i ngā ngaronga pūngao nā te waku o ngā paipa me ngā hononga i roto i te pūnaha. Ka taea te tatau mā te whakamahi i te whārite Darcy-Weisbach:

Hf=fLQ^2/D^2g

Kei hea:

• Hf= Te upoko waku (mita)
• f= Tauwehenga waku a Darcy (kore-ahu)
• L= Te roa o te paipa (mita)
• Q= Te tere rere (m³/s)
• D= Te whānui o te paipa (mita)
• g= Te whakaterenga nā te kaha ā-papa (9.81 m/s²)

Whārite Upoko Katoa

Te upoko katoa (H) o tētahi pūnaha papu ko te tapeke o ēnei wāhanga katoa:

H=Hs+Hv+Hp+Hf

Mā te mārama ki tēnei whārite ka taea e ngā kaihangarau te hoahoa i ngā pūnaha papu whai hua mā te whai whakaaro ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te tere rere e hiahiatia ana, ngā rahi o ngā paipa, ngā rerekētanga teitei, me ngā whakaritenga pēhanga.